Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptive (LARC)

 

Introduction

Long-acting Reversible Contraceptive (LARC) devises are birth control methods that provides effective contraceptive for an extended period of time. You do not have to think about contraception on a daily basis or every time you have sex, as with the oral contraceptive pills or condoms. Longacting reversible contraceptive is highly effective in preventing unintended pregnancies and can be stopped if you decide you want to get pregnant.

Long-acting Reversible Contraceptive (LARC) includes the following:

Implants

These are inserted under the skin and lasts up to 3 years.

Intrauterine device

These are inserted into the womb and lasts for 5 to 10 years before they need replacing.

Contraceptive injection

These work up to 12 weeks before being repeated.

Types of long-acting reversible contraceptive

Copper IUD

What is it?

A small plastic and copper device which is inserted into the womb

How does it work?

Prevents fertilization and inhibits implantation of egg in the womb

How long does it last?

5 to 10 years depending on type

Chances of getting pregnant

Less than 2% of women over a 5 year period

Could it affect chances of getting pregnant in the future

No

Effect on period?

Periods may become heavier or more painful

Unwanted effects?

Risk of ectopic pregnancy is higher if a women falls pregnant while using an IUD

Checks needed whilst using LARC

Needs check-up after first period after insertion. Regularly feel for threads of IUD to ensure it is still in place

See doctor/nurse if you experience any problem or want to have it removed

IUS

What is it?

A small plastic device which is inserted into the womb and slowly releases progestogen

How does it work?

Mainly prevents implantation of egg and sometimes prevents fertilization

How long does it last?

5 years

Chances of getting pregnant

Less than 1% of women over a 5 year period

Could it affect chances of getting pregnant in the future

No

Effect on period?

For the first 6 months there may be irregular bleeding or spotting 

Unwanted effects?

  • Risk of ectopic pregnancy is higher if a women falls pregnant while using an IUD
  • May develop acne

Checks needed whilst using LARC

Needs check-up after first period after insertion. Regularly feel for threads of IUD to ensure it is still in place

See doctor/nurse if you experience any problem or want to have it removed

Progesterone-only injection

What is it?

An injection that slowly releases progestogen 

How does it work?

Prevents ovulation

How long does it last?

Repeat injection every 8 to 12 weeks depending on type

Chances of getting pregnant

Less than 0.4% of women over a 2 year period

Could it affect chances of getting pregnant in the future

It may take up to a year for fertility to return to normal

Effect on period?

Periods often stop, but some women experience irregular or persistent 

Unwanted effects?

  • May gain weight (2 to 3kg over a years)
  • May cause thinning of the bones which is reversible on stopping

Checks needed whilst using LARC

None, you need to regularly receive repeat injection

See your doctor or nurse if you experience any problems related to the injection

Implant (Nexplanon)

What is it?

A small, flexible rod inserted under the skin that slowly releases progestogen 

How does it work?

Prevents ovulation

How long does it last?

3 years

Chances of getting pregnant

Less than 0.1% of women over a 3 year period

Could it affect chances of getting pregnant in the future

No

Effect on period?

Period pains may improve. Periods may stop, or become longer or irregular until removal of implant

Unwanted effects?

May develop acne

Checks needed whilst using LARC

None

See your doctor or nurse if you experience any problems related to the implant, want to stop using it or have it removed